What is Laser Piles Surgery?
Laser surgery for
piles or haemorrhoids is a procedure in which a laser beam is used to burn and
shrink the haemorrhoids, which are swollen and enlarged blood vessels
located in the anal region. The procedure is also known as Laser
Haemorrhoidoplasty or Haemorrhoidal LASER Procedure.
Pile or haemorrhoids are swollen and
enlarged blood vessels in the anal cushion region that can cause
discomforts like itching and rectal bleeding. Based on the location of the
development, piles are of two types:
- Internal
haemorrhoid: is
present inside the anus.
- External
haemorrhoid: is
present under the skin around the anus.
Anatomy and Physiology of the Anal
Canal
The anal canal is
the last part of the lower digestive tract and is approximately 2 to 3 inches
long. The canal is enclosed by the internal and external sphincter muscles. The
anus is connected to the rectum (the final section of the large intestine) proximally,
and the anal canal terminates at the anal verge from where the stool is
excreted out of the body. The rectum is lined by columnar epithelial cells
while the anal canal is lined by squamous epithelial cells.
A muscular sheet
called the pelvic diaphragm runs perpendicular to the juncture of the
rectum and anal canal and maintains a constriction between these two
segments of the large intestine. The rectum cavity is divided into three
to four chambers that help to support the rectal contents.
Food wastes first
accumulate in the colon until they are ready to be excreted out of the body.
The food waste enters the rectum, and when sufficient pressure builds up within
the cavity, the urge to eliminate waste occurs. The nerve receptors present
within the rectal wall is stimulated by the stretching of the anal muscles,
which put impulses to the anal canal, chest and abdominal muscles
and the medulla oblongata of the brain, which makes the
individual conscious of the need to excrete.
Conditions treated with Laser Piles Surgery
Generally, piles or
haemorrhoids are treated with the help of laser piles surgery. In addition
to piles, the following conditions are also treated with laser surgery.
- Anal fissure
- Anal fistula
- Pilonidal sinus